Analysing the First Movement of Haydn’s Symphony No. 103, “The Drumroll”
In section 3.3 you considered what the important elements of the macrostructure of a movement might be. Now let’s focus in on this example and explore what a conductor needs to understand to approach this work.
First, study the opening movement of Haydn’s Drumroll symphony, making notes about the structural landmarks you think are important. When you believe you have understood the structure of the piece, you can move on to the quiz on the next page.
I hope you found the structural landmarks of the macrostructure, but did you notice that there already there were several sections that related to smaller sections within that macrostructure? Establishing the sections of the development where the thematic material is treated in different ways is already moving towards the microstructure.
Here is a diagrammatic outline of the movement for you to check your own analysis.
| Measures | Section | Thematic Material |
| 1 | Drumroll (suspended note or small cadenza?) | |
| 2 – 13 | Introduction (Adagio) | i |
| 14 – 25 | Re-statement | i’ |
| 26 – 39 | Transition (to a “wrong” tonality) | t |
| 40 – 48 | Exposition (Alegro con spiritu) First Theme | A |
| 48 – 60 | Transition I | T |
| 60 – 79 | Secondary theme 1 (in the dominant) | B |
| 80 – 94 | Secondary theme 2 | B’ |
| Development | ||
| 94 – 104 | fugato | D |
| 104 – 112 | With new counterpoint | |
| 112 – 131 | In diminution | D’ |
| 132 – 143 | stretto | |
| 144 – 153 | In a different tonality (in D-flat major) | D” |
| 154 – 159 | re-transition | |
| Recapitulation | ||
| 159 – 167 | First Theme | A |
| 167 – 179 | Transition I | T |
| 180 – 188 | Secondary theme 2 | B’ |
| 189 – 201 | New transition/preparation | T’ |
| Coda | ||
| 202 – 213 | 1st Coda section=Adagio (reprise) | C=i |
| 214 – 220 | 2nd Coda section (as 74 – 80 in E-flat Major) | c’1=b3 |
| 220 – 229 | 3rd Coda section | c’2- cadence |
